Skip to content

The Human Firewall: An Essential Layer in Cyber Defense

In every security architecture diagram you will see firewalls, IDS systems, endpoint protection, network segmentation, encryption, and monitoring layers. But there is one control that does not sit in a rack. It does not run… 

AES 256 and SHA 256 in OPC UA Communications

Operational Technology environments are no longer air gapped. SCADA systems, PLC networks, historian platforms, and industrial gateways increasingly communicate over routed IP networks. In this context, OPC UA has become the de facto secure communication… 

Wireshark as a microscope for OPC UA communication

In complex automation systems, problems rarely announce themselves clearly. A value arrives too late. A subscription behaves differently than expected. A client reconnects more often than it should. At that point logs are often not…